📄 Category

hiv aids

49 papers

HIV/AIDS research remains a critical frontier in global health, focusing on everything from understanding how the virus interacts with the human immune system to developing new treatments and vaccines. This field is constantly evolving, with scientists working tirelessly to improve patient outcomes and move closer to a functional cure. Because these discoveries happen rapidly, staying updated with the latest findings is essential for both experts and the public.

At Gist.Science, we bridge the gap between complex research and clear understanding by processing every new preprint in this category directly from medRxiv. We transform these dense scientific documents into both plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring that the latest insights into HIV and AIDS are accessible to everyone. Below are the most recent papers we have analyzed, offering a fresh look at the ongoing fight against the virus.

📄 hiv aids

Mortality and associated factors among people living with HIV newly initiated into care at Bamenda Regional Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study

This retrospective cohort study of 331 newly initiated HIV patients at Bamenda Regional Hospital found a 7.6% three-year mortality rate significantly associated with male sex, opportunistic diseases, comorbidities, abnormal liver enzymes, and advanced WHO clinical stage, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and integrated management of these risk factors.

Ajamah, F., Zefack, J. T., Mengnjo, L. T., Yongwa, O., Ashu, M. A., Nkengfua, S. F., Mbinyui, H., Ketchaji, A.2026-07-20✓ Author reviewed ⓘ
📄 hiv aids

Development and pilot testing of an empowerment-based intervention for adolescents and young adults living with HIV transitioning to adult HIV care in Uganda

This study developed and pilot-tested the Empowerment and Personal Transformation (EPT) intervention for adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Uganda, finding it to be a highly feasible and acceptable approach that effectively addresses the psychosocial and behavioral challenges associated with transitioning to adult HIV care.

Ashaba, S., Favina, A., Baguma, C., Tushemereirwe, P., Nansera, D., Comfort, A., Perkins, J. M., Maling, S., Zanoni, B. (…)2026-06-29
📄 hiv aids

''Circumstantial Determinants'': An Efficient Approach to Reaching People in Need of HIV Prevention?

This study proposes and validates a "Circumstantial Determinants" approach in Zimbabwe, demonstrating that targeting HIV prevention services based on specific social circumstances and settings rather than self-reported risk behaviors can significantly improve the reach and efficiency of identifying priority populations for intervention.

Bagnay, S. H., Gregson, S., Skovdal, M., Maswera, R., Moorhouse, L. R., Ncube, G., Tsenesa, B., Mandizvidza, P., Pickles (…)2026-06-22
📄 hiv aids

Enhanced HIV-1 Control After Antibody Therapy is Associated with Autologous Antibodies and Reservoir Clearance in the RIO trial

In the RIO trial, participants receiving long-acting broadly neutralizing antibodies (3BNC117-LS and 10-1074-LS) experienced enhanced HIV-1 control and a significant reduction in intact proviral reservoirs compared to placebo, with delayed viral rebound correlating to the reservoir's sensitivity to both infused and autologous antibodies.

Fumagalli, M., Kaczynska, A., Allombert, M., Ribeiro, A. L., da Silva, M. O., Hernandez, B. J., Lavine, C., Espinosa, S. (…)2026-06-05
📄 hiv aids

Ultra-low-field MRI as a tool for measuring brain development in at-risk children in LMICS: feasibility, validity and clinical relevance.

This study demonstrates that ultra-low-field (64mT) MRI is a feasible and valid, scalable alternative to high-field (3T) MRI for measuring brain volumes and assessing early language development in HIV-exposed and unexposed children in low- and middle-income countries.

Bradford, L. E., Ringshaw, J. E., Malaba, T. R., Bourke, N. J., Wedderburn, C. J., Williams, S. C., Deoni, S., Reynolds (…)2026-06-05
📄 hiv aids

Experimental human pneumococcal carriage in adults with HIV in Malawi

This study established a safe and acceptable experimental human pneumococcal carriage model in Malawi, revealing that while virally suppressed people living with HIV are not more susceptible to initial pneumococcal acquisition than HIV-uninfected adults, they exhibit impaired clearance, suggesting that prolonged carriage duration rather than increased susceptibility drives the high pneumococcal carriage rates observed in this population.

Doherty, K., Chirwa, A., Nsomba, E., Nkhoma, V., Galafa, B., Kadzanja, G., Mailboy, M., Mangtani, E., Songolo, S., Lipun (…)2026-05-20
📄 hiv aids

Spectrum and Immunovirological Determinants of Tumours Among People Living with HIV in Uganda: A Retrospective Cohort Study from a Specialised HIV Centre, 2017 to 2026

This retrospective cohort study of 217 people living with HIV in Uganda (2017–2026) reveals that despite high viral suppression rates, malignancies remain predominant and are strongly driven by Kaposi sarcoma and immunovirological factors such as low pre-ART CD4 counts and advanced clinical stage, highlighting the need for improved early screening and immune reconstitution strategies.

Mwaka, J., Sserunjogi, C., Nataliya, J.2026-05-01
📄 hiv aids

Impact of a Phased Transition Model on Advanced HIV Disease Outcomes: A Pre- and Post-Implementation Evaluation Study in Malawi

A pre- and post-implementation evaluation in Malawi demonstrates that transitioning Advanced HIV Disease services from partner-led to Ministry of Health leadership significantly reduced 12-month mortality and sustained retention, despite observed declines in CD4 testing and TB preventive therapy uptake.

Maphosa, T., Machekano, R., Denoeud-Ndam, L., Makonokaya, L., Chilikutali, L., Kalitera, L. U., Matiya, E., Mayi, A., Mu (…)2026-04-17
📄 hiv aids

Time-to-Tuberculosis disease diagnosis after completion of Tuberculosis preventive therapy among people living with HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy in Eastern Uganda: A retrospective cohort study

This retrospective cohort study in Eastern Uganda reveals that approximately 21.5% of HIV-positive individuals on antiretroviral therapy develop active tuberculosis shortly after completing preventive therapy, with shorter ART duration and clinically diagnosed TB identified as key predictors of early reactivation despite viral suppression.

Esele, B. A., Oryokot, B., Ssentongo, S. M., Mulongo, M., Akanyo, J., Bongomin, F.2026-04-13
📄 hiv aids

Modelling the tail-phase pharmacokinetics of long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine from early pregnancy to postpartum at steady state

This study utilized virtual population simulations to characterize the prolonged tail-phase pharmacokinetics of long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine following discontinuation during early pregnancy, revealing that maternal drug levels persist for several months postpartum and fall below therapeutic thresholds only after gestation week 33, thereby highlighting the need for strategies to mitigate risks associated with discontinuation in this population.

Atoyebi, S., Waitt, C., Olagunju, A.2026-04-07